一當(dāng)前制約生物質(zhì)發(fā)電發(fā)展的主要因素
I. Current main factors restricting the development of biomass power generation
是燃料成本。生物質(zhì)發(fā)電需要投入較高的燃料成本，約占總發(fā)電成本的三分之二，以補貼后0.75元上網(wǎng)電價估算，燃料收購價格的盈虧平衡點達到了300元/噸左右，而燃料收購價格受市場變化影響較大，極易導(dǎo)致生物質(zhì)發(fā)電企業(yè)出現(xiàn)虧損。
It's the cost of fuel. Biomass power generation requires a relatively high fuel cost, accounting for about two-thirds of the total power generation cost. Based on the subsidized 0.75 yuan on-grid electricity price, the break-even point of the fuel purchase price has reached about 300 yuan/ton, and the fuel purchase price is greatly affected by market changes, which is easy to lead to losses for biomass power generation enterprises.
是過度競爭。生物質(zhì)發(fā)電受燃料供應(yīng)及運輸成本影響，具有很強的屬地特性，一旦輻射范圍內(nèi)出現(xiàn)地方保護性重復(fù)投資或原料惡性競爭，生物質(zhì)發(fā)電企業(yè)將難以為繼。近年來全國各地興起建設(shè)生物質(zhì)發(fā)電項目的熱潮，出現(xiàn)了項目跟風(fēng)上馬項目分布過于密集的現(xiàn)象，埋下惡性競爭的隱患，亟待國家和地方政府的良好規(guī)劃，平衡好競爭和保護的關(guān)系。
It is excessive competition. Affected by fuel supply and transportation costs, biomass power generation has strong territorial characteristics. Once there is local protective repeated investment or raw material vicious competition within the radiation range, it will be difficult for biomass power generation enterprises to continue. In recent years, the upsurge of building biomass power generation projects across the country has emerged, and the distribution of projects following the trend has been too dense, which has buried the hidden danger of vicious competition. It is urgent for the national and local governments to make good planning and balance the relationship between competition and protection.
是技術(shù)研發(fā)。我國在煤電技術(shù)核心裝備發(fā)展取得了成就，重大核心裝備已基本能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)自研自產(chǎn)。但在生物質(zhì)發(fā)電技術(shù)方面較西方發(fā)達國家還存在不少的差距，尤其在生物質(zhì)燃料采收運輸加工儲存等輔助機械配套方面差距比較明顯，仍需迎頭趕上。

It is technology research and development. China has made great achievements in the development of coal power technology core equipment, and major core equipment has basically been able to achieve self-research and self-production. However, there are still many gaps in biomass power generation technology compared with western developed countries, especially in the special auxiliary machinery such as biomass fuel harvesting, transportation, processing and storage, which still need to catch up.
二我國發(fā)展生物質(zhì)發(fā)電的主要推動力
II. Main driving forces for the development of biomass power generation in China
能源安全的需求。生物質(zhì)能源的應(yīng)用能夠有效減少石化能源的消耗，且對環(huán)境更友好。生物質(zhì)能是一種重要的可再生碳能源，作用不可替代。大力開發(fā)利用生物質(zhì)能源，符合國家能源安全的發(fā)展要求。
Demand for energy security. The application of biomass energy can effectively reduce the consumption of petrochemical energy and is more environmentally friendly. Biomass energy is an important renewable carbon energy, and its role cannot be replaced. Vigorously develop and utilize biomass energy, in line with the development requirements of national energy security.
生態(tài)環(huán)保的需求。我國擁有豐富的生物質(zhì)秸稈，很大部分沒有得到充分利用，被當(dāng)作農(nóng)作物廢棄物焚燒，既形成浪費，又造成環(huán)境污染。大力發(fā)展生物質(zhì)發(fā)電，經(jīng)濟效益社會效益環(huán)保效益均很可觀。
The demand for ecological and environmental protection. China has abundant biomass straw, most of which are not fully utilized, and are burned as crop waste, which not only wastes but also pollutes the environment. Vigorously develop biomass power generation, with considerable economic, social and environmental benefits.
三優(yōu)化生物質(zhì)發(fā)電行業(yè)發(fā)展的主要措施
III. Main measures to optimize the development of biomass power generation industry
加大政策扶持力度。與其它清潔能源發(fā)電相比，生物質(zhì)發(fā)電存在運行成本過高抗市場風(fēng)險能力差的弱勢，需要國家的政策扶持以存發(fā)展。
Increase policy support. Compared with other clean energy power generation, biomass power generation has the disadvantage of high operating cost and poor ability to resist market risks, and needs the national policy support to maintain its development.
加大技術(shù)研發(fā)投入。加大生物質(zhì)發(fā)電技術(shù)領(lǐng)域的科研投入，提高國產(chǎn)核心裝備及輔助裝備的技術(shù)水平和自給自足，縮小與發(fā)達國家水平的差距，是降低生物質(zhì)發(fā)電企業(yè)項目投資和運行成本提高企業(yè)贏利能力促進行業(yè)健康持續(xù)發(fā)展的根本。
Increase investment in technology research and development. Increasing scientific research investment in the field of biomass power generation technology, improving the technical level and self-sufficiency of domestic core equipment and auxiliary equipment, and narrowing the gap with the advanced level of developed countries are fundamental to reducing the project investment and operating costs of biomass power generation enterprises, improving the profitability of enterprises, and promoting the healthy and sustainable development of the industry.